All true fans of these beautiful flowers are eagerly awaiting the beginning of the "season of roses". Throughout the summer, you can enjoy these majestic and aromatic creatures of nature. You can talk endlessly about their beauty. And every time you see this variety of colors and shades, you never stop admiring them.
Real flower growers are looking forward to the arrival and spring to take care of their charming flowers. Indeed, to maintain true beauty, roses need proper care.
Roses - basic rules for growing and care
Spring pruning
In early spring, after the end of frost, it is necessary to check the condition of each rose bush. All weak shoots or parts of the plant damaged by frost must be removed before a living bud.
Annual varieties should be pruned moderately, while biennial varieties should be trimmed slightly more. The emerging young branches are cut in half, and the strong mature stems should be shortened by about five buds. If the age of the rose shrub has exceeded the three-year mark, then do not forget to get rid of the dried and poorly developed branches.
All varieties of roses, without exception, should be pruned. This important procedure contributes to the rapid growth and development of plants, the correct formation of the bush. Only yellow roses are a small exception to the rule - its shoots are cut in the smallest quantities.
Top dressing and fertilizers
After pruning, while the buds on the rose bushes are in a "dormant" state, it is necessary to carry out preventive spraying. To do this, use copper sulfate (one percent solution). And nitrogen-containing fertilizing is introduced into the soil (for example, ammonium nitrate). Nitrogen fertilization can cause plant burns, so it should be used in moderation.
Top dressing should be repeated after about fifteen days. This time you can use nitroammophos. These two types of dressings will give the plant all the nutrients it needs during this period. Liquid fertilizers cannot be applied to dry soil; first, the plant must be watered abundantly with water and the ground around the bush must be slightly loosened.
In the future (in June and early July), these two types of fertilizers are applied alternately with an interval of two weeks. Mineral dressings help to destroy the soil microflora, and organic ones help to restore and renew it.
Re-cropping
This procedure is necessary for the plant immediately after the first flowering. All wilted flowers and absolutely all shoots are pruned. This will give the shrub even more strength for further lush flowering.
Watering
Roses love abundant and regular watering, especially during the period of active flowering and development. When determining the amount of watering, you need to take into account the quality of the soil, plant age and weather conditions. To prevent the formation of a crust on the surface of the soil, it is necessary to loosen the soil near the bush. This is necessary for complete air exchange and nutrition of the root system.
Diseases and pests
Many flower crops are susceptible to fungal diseases and pests.Garden roses are no exception. They can get sick too powdery mildew or black spot. Preventive spraying with special preparations (for example, foundationazol) will help to avoid this. The solution is prepared from 10 liters of water and ten grams of the drug.
Get rid of harmful insects (such as aphid) can also be done by spraying with solutions with the addition of insecticidal preparations.
Reproduction of garden roses
For propagation of garden roses, it is best to use cuttings. This is the most popular and effective method. In the middle of the summer season, you need to choose cuttings on those bushes that have finished flowering. You need to take a strong, healthy branch and cut out its middle part so that three full-fledged buds remain on it. In the upper part, the cutting is cut evenly, and in the lower part - obliquely. The leaves in the upper part are cut in half, and in the lower, the last two are completely removed.
The prepared cutting is planted in well-moistened soil in a shaded area and covered with a transparent container. It is very important not to skip watering and insulate the plant for the winter!
With the arrival of spring, the cuttings are transferred to their permanent "residence". Further caring for a young plant does not differ from caring for adult roses.
In the first year, young cuttings should root well in a new location. For this, the plant will need a lot of energy, which should not be spent on flowering. Therefore, during the budding period, it is advisable to rid it of the buds that appear by pinching off.
Soil mulching
So that the soil does not dry out and the moisture persists longer, you need to plant ground cover perennial plants near the rose bushes. These rug plants will act as a mulch layer and will reliably protect the root system of garden roses.
Preparing for winter
Roses are frost-resistant plants, but for this they need hardening and strengthening of immunity. Preparation of roses for wintering should begin in August. This month, nitrogen fertilization is completely canceled, because they contribute to the active growth of shoots and further flowering. And repeated flowering will take away from the bushes all the remaining strength that must be preserved for the winter period. But the feeding with the content of potassium and phosphorus will be very useful for roses.
Before warming and wrapping garden roses for the winter, another small pruning is carried out. You need to get rid of any remaining buds and dried flowers. A layer of sawdust and humus is poured under each bush, and the upper part of the bush is covered with spruce branches.
I love roses very much. These are extraordinary flowers that delight the eye throughout the summer season. There are many roses and I try to plant them myself.