Clematis

The clematis plant is a herbaceous perennial that resembles an ornamental vine. The flower belongs to the Buttercup family and includes about 300 species. Openwork clinging foliage, bright buds in the form of stars or bells and a woody trunk are the main advantages of the flower. Under natural conditions, the culture has an extensive growing area, but for the most part it is found in countries with a temperate and subtropical climate.

The external structure of clematis, depending on the belonging to a particular variety, may differ. In addition to the traditional botanical name, the plant is called a vine or clematis. In the Greek translation, the word "klema" means a climbing plant. Wild flowers can be seen in the steppes, forests and along river banks.

Clematis is most popular with florists and landscape designers. Also, cultivated species of clematis and its hybrids are grown on the plots. According to experienced flower growers, the plant can replace an entire garden, perfect for vertical decoration and creating any design compositions. Due to the fragrance of flowers and a varied range of shades, clematis have no equal among the cover blooming gardeners.

Description of clematis

Herbaceous and shrub forms of clematis are very different from each other. In botanical classifiers, several hundred varieties of clematis are mentioned, which complicates the care of the flower. In summer cottages, liana-like specimens are most often grown.

Garden clematis is distinguished by the type of root system. Some species have a fibrous system without a distinct main root, while others have a pivotal system. Clematis of the last group react painfully to transplantation.

Young stems are very thin, but rather simple, elongated up to 5 m long. Woody varieties have stems with a faceted surface. The shoots of herbaceous varieties are rounded and predominantly green in color. New stems emerge from the aerial buds of last year's branches or the bottom of the bush.

Green or purple leaves are opposite to the stem. There are simple, complex or paired leaf blades. They are fastened with petioles, which, twisting around the support, support the bush. Composite leaves consist of 3-7 segments. If you rub a fresh leaf in your fingers, you will feel a pungent smell. Dormant buds are located near the roots. When the ground part dies, the kidneys wake up.

Shield-shaped, semi-umbellate or panicle flowers sit singly or in groups, or gather in inflorescences. For clematis, bisexual flowers are characteristic. At the very beginning of flowering, they look larger.The corolla reaches 5-10 cm in length, its size depends on the variety. The cups are colored in a variety of colors and consist of 4-8 petals. Towards the end of flowering, the color of the petals fades.

The flowers of double clematis have up to 70 petals. The bud itself contains many pistils and stamens, which is why the core resembles a hairy spider. A rich palette of shades allows you to choose for growing clematis for every taste. Star-shaped, disc-shaped and cruciform buds are common.

Bud shades may vary depending on weather conditions and soil composition. Varieties with purple, velvet blue, blue, burgundy, pink, white and yellow sepals have been bred. This is not a complete list of shades. It takes 15-20 days from the moment the bud opens to wilting. In blooming, the aroma of clematis resembles jasmine, primrose or almonds. The plant bears fruit with achenes, which adorn the bush until late autumn.

Brief rules for growing clematis

The table shows brief rules for growing clematis in the open field.

Growing clematis from seeds

Seed sowing dates

Instead of buying adult seedlings from stores or nurseries, clematis is easy to plant in your own garden. It is not difficult to achieve successful selection results if you thoroughly study all the information about this process and calculate the favorable time for sowing.

Cultural species of clematis are conventionally divided into three groups according to the size of the seeds and the intensity of their germination:

1. The first group includes difficult-to-grow clematis, the achenes of which are filled with large grains. The duration of their germination in the open field is 1.5-8 months. We are talking about clematis Duran, Jacqueman, purple, woolly and other varieties.
2. The group of flowering vines with medium seeds includes whole-leaved clematis, Manchurian, Douglas, Chinese, etc. It will take about 1.5-6 months to germinate seedlings.
3. Small-seeded clematis sprout evenly and quickly. Friendly shoots appear 2-16 weeks after sowing. The representatives of this group are clematis tangut and grape-leaved.

Freshly harvested seed takes root faster. If you plan to postpone sowing until next year, it is best to transfer the seeds to paper bags. Store seeds at room temperature in a dry place. Under these conditions, germination properties are maintained for 4 years.

Sowing of different varieties is organized at a certain time. Large seeds are buried in the ground in late autumn or early winter. Smaller seeds are sown in boxes right after the new year, and the smallest achenes will hatch sooner if sown in early spring.

Before sowing on seedlings, the material is stratified. The seeds are left in water for 10 days. The water is periodically drained and replaced with fresh water. A nutritious soil mixture is poured into the boxes prepared for future bushes, which is collected from sand, earth and peat. The components are taken in the same ratio. The substrate is leveled and moistened. Then the seeds are scattered over the surface and covered with sand. The layer of sand should not be too thick, otherwise the seed will not be able to break through to the light.

The crops are tamped from above. The boxes are covered with glass or mesh. To speed up the process of pecking seedlings, containers are stored in a warm place. The optimum temperature is from 25 to 30 degrees. From time to time, crops are watered by pouring water into a pan. This method prevents the seeds from being washed out. Small blades of grass are removed so that the weeds do not interfere with the development of the crop.

How to care for seedlings

The containers with young seedlings are moved to a bright place when the first green shoots appear above the soil. It is important that the boxes do not stand in direct sunlight, otherwise, even with normal watering, the shoots will quickly fade.

After waiting for the plants to form a pair of real leaf plates, they pick up individual pots. Before sending the bushes to open ground, clematis is grown indoors. They start planting seedlings on a garden plot only after the threat of night frosts has passed.

For seedlings, a slightly shaded area is selected, where a light nutritious soil lies. Moreover, an interval of 15 to 20 cm is observed between seedlings, so that in the future overgrown vines do not interfere with each other's development.

Also, clematis need a systematic plucking of the shoots. Thanks to this procedure, the bushes evenly build up both deciduous and root mass. In pinched perennials, bushiness increases over time. For the wintering period, the plants are covered with foliage or material.

In the spring, ready-made seedlings are transplanted into grooves 5-7 cm deep, keeping a distance between individual specimens of at least half a meter. Then, be sure to shorten the tops of the shoots, but so that 2-3 nodes remain on them.

After a few years, the bushes will acquire strong roots, which by that time will reach a length of about 10-15 cm. After that, the plants can already be transplanted to their permanent habitat.

Planting clematis in open ground

The best time to plant

The guarantee of successful growing of a flower is, first of all, a correctly chosen time for planting clematis and a suitable site. The plant is light-loving, afraid of the close occurrence of groundwater, the roots are sensitive to an excess of moisture.

Seedlings of clematis are planted from the windless side of the house. The place must be protected from drafts. It is important that at noon, when the sun is especially aggressive towards plants, the bushes are in shade.

A water-permeable, slightly alkaline or neutral substrate is selected. The site is fertilized and loosened. According to flower growers, clematis grows better on loam. The soil must have good drainage properties. It will not work to grow clematis on salty, damp and acidic soils. The roots of the flower can go a meter underground. Therefore, in an area where there is a danger of root decay due to groundwater, an embankment is made.

It is not recommended to use sour peat or fresh manure as top dressing. The vine should be planted at some distance from the house and the fence, otherwise the water flowing from the roof will constantly drain under the bush.It is better to dig a hole for seedlings at a distance of at least 30 cm from the nearest building.

Clematis are planted in open ground either in the fall, after digging up the site, or in the spring. A seedling that was purchased in a store can be planted at any convenient time. However, if you bought a potted flower in late fall, it is best to postpone replanting until next year.

For wintering, the pot is moved to a cool place, where the air temperature is no more than 5 degrees. The surface of the soil is sprinkled with sawdust mixed with sand and moistened. The seedling is checked from time to time and pinched so that the shoots develop evenly, then the bush will keep its shape.

Only healthy seedlings are planted in the ground. They are carefully examined from all sides. Instances with a damaged root system are discarded. Bushes, whose root layers are too dry, are soaked in cold water. When the root system swells properly, the plants are sent to the ground.

Planting clematis in spring

In regions with a cool climate, clematis is planted in open ground in spring, usually at the end of April or early May. The seedling must have at least one stem.

The planting hole is dug up to a depth and width of up to 0.6 m. The bottom is covered with drainage material 10-15 cm thick. Common drainage materials are broken brick, crushed stone, perlite.

The soil with a low nutrient content is enriched with peat and mineral fertilizers. 1 bucket of peat, 1 bucket of sand, 2-3 buckets of compost, 1 glass of superphosphate and 2 glasses of dolomite flour are poured into the pit. The components are thoroughly mixed.

To support the liana frame, they install removable or stationary supports with a height of about 2.5 m. Thanks to the supports, the plant will not break in windy weather.

On top of the drainage layer, soil is poured with a slide. A seedling is placed in the center, the roots are straightened and the pit is filled with the remaining soil mixture. The key point is that the root collar is buried 5-10 cm into the soil so that the stem of the shoot is also covered with earth up to the first internode. The hole is not filled to the top, there should be a depression 8-10 cm thick, so that when watering, the water flows to the roots, and not outside the hole.

Pour 10 liters of water under one seedling. When the water is absorbed, the surface of the recess around the bush is sprinkled with peat. Throughout the spring and summer, the soil will be compacted, so you will have to periodically add fresh soil. An interval of one meter is observed between adjacent seedlings.

Planting clematis in the fall

In an area dominated by a warm climate, clematis are planted in the garden in autumn. Planting is carried out either in September or in October. Only those seedlings that have sufficiently developed vegetative buds will take root.

The scheme for planting clematis in the fall is almost no different from planting in the spring. The only difference is that the planting hole is completely covered with soil mixture. The soil around the vine must be protected with dried foliage and covered with non-woven material. Lutrasil is perfect - a synthetic covering material that protects plants from frost.

As soon as the soil thaws in spring, remove the old layer of earth 8-10 cm thick. Further, during the summer, the empty depression is filled with fresh soil. These special grooves are needed so that young shoots can hatch through the soil layer.

Caring for clematis in the garden

In order for clematis to annually delight the owners of the site with lush flowering, it is important to take note of a few secrets that lie in the proper care, pruning and feeding of the plant.

Watering

Clematis is a moisture-loving plant that requires abundant watering at least once a week. During a drought, the bushes are moistened even more often, namely, every 3-4 days. To saturate a young bush with moisture, one bucket of water is enough. Adult specimens will need 2-4 buckets of water.

A couple of pots must be buried in the soil close to the plant. Make small holes at the bottom. When watering, the water will drain into these pots, and then gradually seep through the soil and evenly be absorbed by the roots. This method of watering is especially important in hot weather.

Loosening

The soil surface, not covered with mulch, is regularly loosened the next day after watering, at the same time freeing the area from weeds. Weed propagation can be stopped by covering the topsoil around clematis with moss, peat or humus. In addition, mulch helps to retain moisture in the root zone and prevents rapid evaporation.

Top dressing

Annual clematis seedlings planted in open ground do not need a lot of dressing. Excess fertilizer can cause the bush to rot quickly. Nutrients are introduced during the active growing season. Clematis are fed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. By the time the buds are laid, potash compounds are added, and at the end of flowering, the soil is enriched with phosphorus components.

After summer pruning, the seedlings are fed with dissolved mineral fertilizer at the rate of 20 g of substance per bucket of water. Copper sulfate is also added. In March or April, the culture is treated with milk of lime - a mixture of dolomite flour and chalk. At the time of flowering, all top dressing is stopped, otherwise the bush will lose activity. If in the summer the region turned out to be too wet, then the trunk near the soil surface is lubricated with wood ash. This reduces the risk of root rot formation.

Support for clematis

Various vertical supports are installed under the clematis: fan and arched structures, lattices, trellises, pyramids. You can give stability to the liana using wooden poles or wire mesh and at the same time decorate the walls of the house, outbuildings or a fence. In order for the stems of the shoots to be reliably hooked, the steel or plastic rod must have a diameter of no more than 10-12 mm. They also take into account the fact that overgrown bushes risk breaking after rain under the weight of their own weight, so it is better to purchase a structure made of durable material. A great idea is to install a cylinder with rare metal cells. Liana wraps around this structure and gradually covers it with leaves.

Pruning

Adult clematis are cut off during the period of active growth or, if it is required to shape the composition. Pruning can also extend the flowering phase. Another procedure is carried out before wintering. Clematis, conventionally divided into 3 groups, have their own pruning characteristics.

• In group A flowers, only weakened shoots are pruned, as inflorescences form on last year's stems. They start pruning at the beginning of summer, after waiting for the seedling to bloom. In late autumn, the bushes spud.
• Representatives of the second group B have buds on the shoots of this and last year. The stems of these specimens are shortened by 50-100 cm, leaving 2-5 pairs of buds. Withered and deprived of pressure stems are removed at the root. For the winter period, the vine is removed from the support, folded and carefully laid on the ground, covering the roots with dry foliage.
• During the season, specimens of the third group C are trimmed several times. Only young shoots of this year bear buds. With the arrival of autumn, the stems are cut at the level of the surface of the plot or slightly higher.

Clematis after flowering

They begin to prepare clematis for wintering in late autumn. The remaining leaves are plucked from the vines. The root collar, which rises above the ground, is treated with copper sulfate. The concentration of the solution is 2%.

In sunny, dry weather, a bucket of humus is poured under the root. The area around the vine is spud. The height of the mound should be at least 10-15 cm. A mixture of wood ash with sand is also added. The ratio of the components is as follows: 250 g of ash are taken for 1 bucket of sand.

Young clematis need shelter, especially if the plant is grown in regions with cold climates. Cover the clematis in a dry way. The stems are bent to the ground or twisted into a bundle, a handful of dry foliage, spruce branches or pieces of foam are placed on top. To prevent the leaves from being blown away by the wind, they are pressed with a wooden box. A piece of roofing material or any other material that does not allow water to pass through is placed on the box. Roofing material is pressed at the ends with stones or sticks and sprinkled with peat. If peat is not at hand, you can use ordinary soil (layer thickness 20-25 cm).

Leaves and spruce branches are harvested after the spring frosts are over, then the plant will not be in any danger. The stems are raised again, straightened and cling to the support.

Breeding methods for clematis

Clematis is usually grown from seed. The description of this process is indicated a little higher in the article. Another option for the reproduction of clematis is vegetatively: by dividing the bush, through planting summer and autumn layers or pinning new shoots.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

A flower that has not yet reached the age of six is ​​suitable for division. Older bushes have a strong root system. It is difficult to dig it out, it will not damage the roots.

The plant is carefully removed from the planting pit, the adhering earth is shaken off the roots. Use a sharp pruner to cut the bush into equal divisions. The number of divisions at the exit depends on the size of the bush. The main thing is that several buds are preserved on the root collar.

Reproduction by layering

Cuttings are harvested in October. Before that, foliage is completely cut off from the branches. The faded stems are cut to the first developed bud, plaited and laid in grooves filled with peat. The stems are fixed in this position and covered with peat and soil, the surface is tamped.

For the winter, clematis shoots are covered with fallen leaves or spruce branches. In the spring, as soon as the soil thaws, the bush begins to be watered regularly. When the seedlings turn green at the planting site, the surface is covered with a layer of mulch. We are talking about humus or peat.

With the onset of autumn, most of the young growth can be planted in a permanent place. To reduce the risk of damage to the root system, sprouts are removed from the ground using a pitchfork. If you can't wait to get new clematis, it is allowed to lay the cuttings in the summer, but then there is a high probability of death of the shoots in the winter.

Pinning

The stalks are pinned in the spring months. Choose healthy two- or three-year-old shoots, which are pinned at the point of the knot and embedded in flowerpots with a loose substrate mixed with peat. Vases are buried in the garden below the level of the site so that water is retained in the container during irrigation. As the seedling matures, the soil is poured into the flowerpot, raking the earth with a mound. By autumn, full-fledged seedlings are formed from pinned stems.

Diseases and pests of clematis

Blooming shoots of clematis wither without proper care, which is the first sign of a fungal disease. The stems lose their turgor pressure, droop and gradually dry out. The causative agents of the disease often hide under a layer of soil and infect the root system. By observing the basic rules for growing clematis, you can avoid a number of problems.

The manifestation of the fungus is easy to notice at the beginning of the spring. In a diseased bush, the affected stems are cut off and watered with Azocene or Fundazol. The concentration of the solution should be 2%. In the event of a total defeat, the liana is dug up together with an earthen lump and burned outside the site, and the place where the perennial was sitting is disinfected with fungicides. In addition to fungal disease, Azocene and Fundazol well cure plants that have been infected with powdery mildew or gray mold.

Clematis are also susceptible to rust, a common form of fungal disease. Symptoms can be seen in spring, when the surface of the shoots and foliage is covered with raised orange spots.Gradually, the leaves acquire a brown tint and dry out, and the stems are deformed. Affected specimens are treated with 1% or 2% Bordeaux liquid, copper oxychloride or Oxychom.

At the end of summer, necrosis is often formed on the skin of the ground parts of clematis in the form of dark gray spots, after a while necrosis of the affected tissues occurs. By mid-July, the plant can get sick with ascochitis. Symptoms of zskochitosis are vague necrotic spots. Another ailment that haunts the plant is cylindrosporiasis, when yellow stains form on the surface of the leaf plates. Copper preparations help to fight the listed problems. First of all, we are talking about 1% copper sulfate.

Clematis have a peculiar immunity to many viral diseases. The danger is carried by sucking insects, which can infect the leaves with yellow mosaic. There are still no effective remedies for this disease, so you will have to get rid of the diseased bush.

It is considered a bad idea to plant clematis in areas adjacent to sweet peas, delphinium, aquilegia, phlox and peonies. Representatives of this group of flowers are more likely to be infected with mosaics than other cultures.

Unkempt flowers suffer from leaf and root nematodes. When digging up bushes, a careful examination of the roots should be carried out. If dense nodules have formed on the root layers, then it is better not to plant a vine in this area.

Types and varieties of clematis with photos and names

The classification of clematis includes about a hundred items. Vines are divided into groups depending on the origin of the mother plant. Some gardeners who cultivate clematis on their plots classify them by flower size: small-flowered, medium-flowered and large-flowered. The rest of the growers group clematis according to morphological characteristics:

1. Group A - only last year's shoots bloom.
2. Group B - shoots of this year and last year can bloom.
3. Group C - only this year's stems are blooming.

First group A

Alpine Clematis (Alpina)

Liana Alpina can reach up to 3 m in height. The plant has dense green leaves. In adult specimens, they are quite large. Tubular inflorescences with a small diameter of a blue tint. The species blooms in late summer. Landscape designers use this clematis for curb plantings. Popular varieties include:

1. Artagena Franchi - a bush of medium length, the stems of which reach 2–2.4 m. The heads of the bell flowers look down. The color of the buds is blue with a white core.
2. Albina plena - rises above the ground at a level of 2.8 m. The variety blooms with white double flowers. It is possible to see the flowering of a perennial in May or June.
3. Pamela Jackman - the height of the bush is no more than 2 or 3 meters. Lowered purple buds. They appear on last year's shoots in April-June. This variety tends to bloom again. This usually happens in mid-July, but the second bloom is not as lush as the first time.

Flowering Clematis (Florida)

Liana with a woody stem. The length of the straightened shoots is up to 3 m. Fragrant flowers sit alone and are painted in light colors. Also bicolor varieties are bred. In the gardening industry, the following names are used more often:

1. Vyvyan pennell - a tall climbing bush with double lilac buds. Their diameter reaches 12-15 cm.
2. Kid - a low-growing variety, decorated with cross-shaped flowers up to 10-14 cm wide. The color of the buds is pale purple with a blue overflow.
3. Joan of Arc - another terry variety. Compact white inflorescences look organic against the background of a low bush. The plant is resistant to severe frosts, is not afraid to grow under the sun or in the shade, and is rarely exposed to diseases.

Mountain Clematis (Montana)

In floriculture, the culture is called mountain clematis. This giant liana is capable of reaching about nine meters. The foliage is sharp and shallow, the rosettes consist of 5 leaves.Snow-white inflorescences are located on elongated pedicels. A yellow stamen sticks out in the center of the calyx. The diameter of one bud is from 4 to 5 cm.Clematis Montana includes varieties:

1. Rubens - woody shoots of the variety are distinguished by intensive growth. The length of the bush is up to 6 m. The shape of the leaves is oval and pointed, the color is bronze. Sepals are pinkish, flowers are collected in 3-5 pieces. The culture prefers to grow in good light and pleases with lush flowering.
2. Grandiflora - byruns are lengthened by 5 meters. The fused trifoliate leaves sit on the stems in bunches opposite each other. The medium-sized flowers exude a fragrant aroma that fills the whole garden. The color of the petals is pink or white, the anthers are bright yellow, flowering begins in May.

Second group B

Woolly Clematis (Lanuginoza)

Shrub type that blooms with rich single flowers. In diameter, they open up to 20 cm. The color range of the buds is wide. There are specimens with blue, white, pink inflorescences. For the first time, a seedling blooms in May, and the next time it happens at the end of August. The most widespread are 3 varieties, namely:

1. Madame Le Cultre - a compact perennial with solid or lobed leaf blades. The width of the open buds is 14-20 cm. The calyx consists of white sepals and transparent anthers. Cups open in July. In regions with frosty winters, it is better to protect the rod with a non-woven material.
2. Hybrida Sieboldii - a tall bush, the shoots of which reach three meters in height... The flowers do not exceed 16 cm in diameter. The edges of the petals are surrounded by a contrasting edge, the main tone of the sepals is pale lilac. The anthers are reddish. In different regions, flowering can be observed from July to September.
3. Lawsoniana - a variety of shrubby liana, capable of climbing on a support to a height of up to three meters. The leaves are either simple or trifoliate, but both are oval in shape. Fragrant cups are bent towards the top, their diameter is no more than 18 cm. The variety is colored purple. The middle of the buds is marked with a dark spot, the color of the long anthers is purple. Flowering occurs in May or June, and it is often repeated in autumn.

Spreading Clematis (Patens)

The shoots of this shrub vine rise above the site at a level of 3-3.5 m. Large buds grow up to 15 cm wide in diameter. The color range of buds is from dark blue to white shades. Breeders have also developed bicolor varieties. The shape of the cup is either star-shaped, or simple, or terry. The flowering period starts in May or early June, buds are laid only on last year's shoots. Secondary flowering occurs closer to autumn. Spreading clematis varieties show weak winter hardiness.

1. Joan Pikton - a plant of short length. Creeping shoots reach 300 cm. In the midst of flowering, the bushes are covered with large fragrant buds. They are painted in a lilac or lilac shade, and the core stands out with a light spot. Sepals are wavy, stamens are bright red.
2. Multi Blue - the length of the liana is about 250 cm. The flowers are violet-blue with a diameter of 14 cm. The inflorescences are arranged in tiers. The opening of the buds occurs from June to August.

Third group C

Clematis Jacqueman

This species includes vines obtained by crossing Clematis Vititsella and Lanuginose. Most representatives look like shrub vines and have a well-developed root system.

Zhakman's stems grow 4-6 m long. The rosette of pinnate segmented plates consists of 3 or 5 leaves. The buds are elongated, gather in bunches of 3 or sit at a distance from each other. The cup practically does not smell, it is turned to the side, or to the top. The species is painted in a variety of color shades, except for white. Breeders have grown varieties in which flowers barely reach 8 cm in diameter. Long and lush flowering is characteristic only of this year's shoots.Before wintering, the bare bush is cut almost to the root or to the place where the buds lie. Four varieties have gained fame:

1. Rouge Cardinal - liana-like perennial, the length of which varies from 2 to 2.5 m. Leaves are compound, consist of 3 leaves and are connected with a petiole in one place. The shape of the flower is cruciform, in the open form the calyx reaches about 15 cm.The purple petals are velvety to the touch, the stamens look a shade lighter. The flowering period is usually a couple of weeks, usually from July to September. The variety tolerates winter frosts moderately, so it still needs light shelter for the winter. Rouge Cardinal has won numerous awards at international floriculture exhibitions.
2. Star of india - the vegetative mass, clinging to the support, rises above the ground at a level of three meters. Composite leaf plates of the aforementioned shrub type have 3-5 whole or lobed oval-shaped leaves with pointed edges. Medium-sized buds adorn the plant from mid to late summer and grow up to 15 cm across. The variety has a bright purple color. A purple stripe runs through the middle of the calyx. Light-colored stamens.
3. Gipsy queen - a tall variety, the growth of shoots of such shrub clematis is up to 3.5 m. The leaf plates are complex. Blooming liana buds are directed towards the top. In the open position, they have an average diameter of about 15 cm. Wide purple petals form beautiful velvety buds, in the center of which bright scarlet anthers stick out. Even the pollen on the stamens is also colored. Abundant flowering occurs in July and continues until the first frost. Flowers replace each other, so the bush looks alive and healthy all season. The variety perfectly tolerates the shade, is resistant to infection with a fungal infection. One stem bears up to 20 flowers.
4. Bella - compact clematis, suitable for growing in the garden. The stems elongate by 2 m and form star-shaped flowers with a diameter of 10-15 cm. The intense yellow color gradually discolors. A perennial is not afraid of cold weather, and also rarely suffers from fungal diseases. Blooms profusely from July to September.

Clematis violet (Viticella)

The buds of this type of clematis are presented in various purple shades, from the darkest to the lightest. The cups are simple, reaching no more than 2 cm in diameter. In some varieties, the blossoming heads look down. The growth of shoots does not exceed 3.5 m. The culture is distinguished by rapid growth. With proper care, flowering can be observed from June to September. Varieties:

1. Ville de Lyon - shrub vine with dark brown stems. Without trimming, they reach a length of 3.5 m. Complex whole-leaf plates include from 3 to 5 segments. Over time, the lower tier of foliage turns yellow and dries up near the base of the trunk. The buds sit on long peduncles and are drawn upward. Their diameter is 10-15 cm. Red petals are wide, in hot weather they can fade under the sun if the seedling is located in an open area. The central part is occupied by yellow-green stamens. Developing in fertile soil, the plant pleases with lush flowering.
2. Viola - has stems of medium length and trifoliate leaves. Long bloom occurs in July-October. When the buds fully open, they resemble a propeller 10-14 cm wide. The dark purple sepals are covered with purple veins, the stamens are yellow.
3. Polish spirit - a tall variety, capable of growing a vegetative mass up to 4 m long in a short period. Stems form many small purple flowers. The variety begins to bloom in the last days of July. The buds are kept on the bush until late autumn.

Clematis Tangut

This tall species of liana is native to Mongolia. On its basis, breeders have managed to breed many hybrids. The bushes quickly gain mass due to the intensive growth of shoots and a powerful root system.The stems twine along the supports and fences. The hedges of the Tangut liana resemble a real fence. Yellow drooping flowers that form on annual shoots are bell-shaped.

The plant is frost-resistant, does not require complex care and is not afraid of pests. It survives the winter without shelter. The fruits contain seeds that are harvested in mid-autumn. Subsequently, gardeners use them to propagate clematis. In the southern regions, the culture blooms almost all summer. The most famous varieties are Anita and Bill Mackenzie.

Whole-leaf Clematis (Integrifolia)

This shrub does not have twining leaf petioles, branches are brittle, and need special support. Grows well in partial shade on fertile humus soils and at high humidity. The height of the shoots, woody at the base, is not more than 2.5 m. The length of leathery leaves is from 5 to 7 cm. The surface of the oblong or narrow-lanceolate plates is smooth. Veins convex below, slightly pubescent. Bell flowers sit singly on decorative stems. The color is varied, the petals can be pink, blue, red, purple or blue. The anthers are yellow and appear almost half as long as the petals. Popular whole-leafed varieties include: Clematis Duran, Vyarava, Memory of the heart.

Clematis pungent (small-flowered)

Fast-growing liana up to 5 meters long. The dark green feathery foliage contrasts with the small, fragrant white flowers. The blossoming buds exude a honey aroma that spreads for tens of meters throughout the garden. The plant blooms from July to August.

Clematis bushes allow you to transform any personal plot. The culture has an unpretentious character and resistance to winter temperatures. The flower is planted in group plantings or mixborders, in flower beds or alpine slides. Low-growing varieties of clematis will decorate arches and garden paths, and tall vines will perfectly decorate an unaesthetic wall. From creeping varieties, you can create a dense floral carpet, which will be woven from bright buds and fresh greenery.